I have seen this error first time you try to login on a newly SCCM 2012 R2 deployed Windows 8.1 computer.
The Group policy Client service failed the sign-in.
The universal unique identifier (UUID) type is not supported.
This is only happening when I use the original RTM ISO en_windows_8_1_enterprise_x64_dvd_2791088.iso (without any software update), if I instead use the latest en_windows_8_1_enterprise_x64_dvd_2971902.iso the error is gone.
Apparently this ISO is updated with the Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 General Availability Update Rollup
Update 26-06-2014
Microsoft has now a documented workaround http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2976660/en-us if you still are are expiring the problem.